Abstract
to analyze the perception of health professionals about exclusive breastfeeding in Family Health Strategy units in the city of Macaé. qualitative study carried out in four units of the Family Health Strategy in the city of Macaé, Rio de Janeiro. Thirty health professionals were interviewed from March to May 2019. Textual contents were processed in the IRaMuTeQ® software by the Descending Hierarchical Classification. professionals use different strategies for actions to promote, protect and support breastfeeding in prenatal consultations, but social and cultural determinants are important issues that interfere in this process, the involvement of the family being essential for the success of this practice. health professionals, including nurses, need training and qualification to strengthen the support and social network of pregnant women and insert the family in the different strategies used to improve adherence to exclusive breastfeeding.
Highlights
OBJECTIVESIn the last 40 years, a whole set of public health policies aimed at promoting, protecting, and supporting breastfeeding has been implemented worldwide and nationally
The support of health professionals since prenatal care is the initial step for the success of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) up to 6 months
A study analyzed the presence and extent of the attributes of Primary Health Care in the breastfeeding process based on the experience of health professionals in Basic Units certified by Brazil Breastfeeding Network (Rede Amamenta Brasil), comparing it to non-certified units
Summary
In the last 40 years, a whole set of public health policies aimed at promoting, protecting, and supporting breastfeeding has been implemented worldwide and nationally. In 2019, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among children under four months was 60% in the country, with the highest percentage in the Southeast Region (63.5%) and lowest in the Northeast (55.8%). The rate drops to 45% in babies up to six months, the age recommended for EBF by the World Health Organization (WHO). Comparing the data from the Estudo Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição Infantil (National Study of Infant Food and Nutrition) (ENANI) with other nationally representative surveys aimed at evaluating children under five years old (1986, 1996, and 2006) enables the assessment of the evolution of these indicators over 34 years in Brazil, with a knowledge gap of 14 years (between 2006 and 2020)(3). Many factors are still determining for early weaning, such as maternal socioeconomic and cultural conditions, low maternal education, maternal smoking, cesarean delivery, separation of the mother-baby dyad, as well as assistance factors, namely, lack of orientation on breastfeeding for mothers and fathers during prenatal care, along with the lack of peers and lactation support before and after birth by breastfeeding consultants[4,5]
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