Abstract
The Z ( N ) center symmetry plays an important role in the deconfinement phase transition of SU ( N ) Yang–Mills theory at finite temperature. The exceptional group G ( 2 ) is the smallest simply connected gauge group with a trivial center. Hence, there is no symmetry reason why the low- and high-temperature regimes in G ( 2 ) Yang–Mills theory should be separated by a phase transition. Still, we present numerical evidence for the presence of a first order deconfinement phase transition at finite temperature. Via the Higgs mechanism, G ( 2 ) breaks to its SU ( 3 ) subgroup when a scalar field in the fundamental { 7 } representation acquires a vacuum expectation value v. Varying v we investigate how the G ( 2 ) deconfinement transition is related to the one in SU ( 3 ) Yang–Mills theory. Interestingly, the two transitions seem to be disconnected. We also discuss a potential dynamical mechanism that may explain this behavior.
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