Abstract

The role of the center of the gauge group in the phenomenon of confinement in Yang-Mills theory is investigated. Starting from the most general perspective of considering all possible choices for the gauge symmetry group, we then focus on G ( 2 ) Yang-Mills theory: the simplest pure gauge theory with a trivial center and without 't Hooft flux vortices. Numerical simulations show the presence of a first order finite temperature deconfinement phase transition in G ( 2 ) Yang-Mills theory in (3+1) dimensions. Interestingly, the G ( 2 ) gauge symmetry can be broken to an S U ( 3 ) subgroup by the Higgs mechanism. We investigate the relation between the deconfinement phase transition in G ( 2 ) and S U ( 3 ) Yang-Mills theories by numerical simulations in the G ( 2 ) gauge-Higgs system.

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