Abstract
This work reports the large saturation polarization (Pm) of ~80 µC/cm2 and remnant polarization (Pr) of ~60 µC/cm2 in Mn-doped (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3 (BNBTMn) thin films at elevated temperatures, which are substantially higher than the best values of the bulk counterparts, i.e. Pm (~40 µC/cm2) and Pr (~30 µC/cm2). The positive-up-negative-down (PUND) data suggested the contribution of switchable ferroelectric Pr is less than 50% in the overall Pr obtained in P-E loops at 300 K and keeps decreasing when heating. Thus, the observed large and thermally stable macroscopic polarizations in P-E loops is mainly attributed to the contribution of conformed local defect dipoles, namely MnTi′-Vo•• (oxygen vacancy), under a strong electric field. The evolution of Raman spectra with temperature further confirm the presence of symmetry breaking associated with local polar in our BNBTMn thin films can be remained up to 750 K, much higher than previous reported Curie temperature. This work will shed light on the development of high-temperature nano-scale ferroelectric memories and other related devices with eco-friendly materials.
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