Abstract
This large artificial mound is known as Site ET-30, A.J. Hatchel place [41BW3], Bowie County. The mound, located on what seems to be an old channel of Red River about one mile from the present stream, is part of an extensive village, perhaps related to other mound and village groups within a radius of three miles. The entire area, containing nine or more mounds, shows evidence of long-continued occupation by fairly large numbers of people. Judging from its size, and the surrounding indications of a large village, this particular mound may have been the early cultural center of the region. The mound has long been a prominent landmark, and in historic times has served as a place of refuge for livestock in periods of overflow. Clarence B. Moore, while exploring archeological sites along Red River in Arkansas in 1912, heard of the mound and navigated the Red River to that point to inspect the site. He was unable to make necessary arrangements with the landowner, and hence did no work in the mound.
Highlights
This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2004/iss1/20
EXCAVATION OF AN EARTH MOUND, BOWIE COUNTY, TEXAS. This large artificial mound is known as Site ET-30, A.J
The mound, located on what seems to be an old channel of Red River about one mile from the present stream, is part of an extensive village, perhaps related to other mound and village groups within a radius of three miles
Summary
Aside from the grave goods and many scattered potsherds, the material culture was scantly represented in the mound. The projectile points, mostly small, were of the stemmed and unstemmed varieties; the former had expanded and contracted bases, the latter had straight and concave bases. A cache of 16 small triangular points lay in a pile. Many fragmentary pipes were found, as well as an occasional broken vessel. Two unusually large polished stone celts (Figure 10) lay Figure 6. Storage pit in house site, Feature 17. Taken from west (Courtesy of Texas Archeological Research Laboratory, The University of Texas at Austin, negative number 41BW3-154). Among the ornaments were bear tooth pendants and a turquoise bead
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