Abstract
Objectives: The main target of this research is to assess the evolution of urban accessibility offered by the transport infrastructure network of the city of Manizales, Colombia, between the years 2010 and 2017. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The research methodology addressed includes the development of 4 phases: i) updating of the transport infrastructure network, where two scenarios were analyzed, the transport network for years 2010 and 2017; ii) calculation of urban accessibility in average global terms, based on isochrone curves obtained from travel time analysis and ordinary Kriging model with linear semivariograma as geostatistical method; iii) calculation of the percentage savings in travel times; and iv) calculation of sociodemographic variables coverage. Findings: Accessibility results in scenario 1 (2010 year) evidences the intention of resolving mobility issues within the city without considering the different peripheral sectors; concluding that high economic income neigborhoods had better accessibility conditions. The infrastructure interventions made by the municipal administration in scenario 2 (2017 year) improve the connection between Central Business District with peripheral sectors. The travel time savings obtained for the peripheral sectors, evidence the inclusion of resident citizenship in the different activities that take place in the city, improving the quality of life. However, this improvement in accessibility is practically limited to the private transport mode, which is contrary to what is sought in terms of sustainability. A middle income neighborhood presents the greatest benefits with a travel time saving of up to 15% in more than 60% of its population. Finally, close to 50% of the population perceives savings of up to 15% relataed with travel times in 2010. Application/Improvements: The methodological approach is a support for urban planning, because it is technical supports that show the impact over population by transport network transformations in travel time terms. Keywords: Accessibility, Coverage, Development, Mobility, Transport Infrastructure
Highlights
The models of development and growth of a city are closely linked to the capacity of implementing the infrastructure basic services require, taking into account water, electricity, sewage, roads, among others, with the purpose of increasing productivity and minimizing the economic gap between members of the same society.[1,2] In other words, an adequate investment in infrastructure facilitates and stimulates the economic growth of a society.[3,4] Considering the above, it can be assumed that road infrastructure networks are one of the fundamental pillars of development, the evaluation of the road system’s coverage, as well as the definition of possible areas of intervention, are necessary
The characteristics of mobility for this year guaranteed a better displacement towards the nodes located in the Central Business District (CBD), leaving aside peripheral residential focus such as the “La Linda” (Sector North-West) and the Enea - Maltería (Sector South-East), which need up to 75 minutes of travel time
For the curve from 30 to 35 minutes in travel time, stratum number 5 achieves a percentage of coverage greater than 90%, followed by stratum 6 with 65% and stratum 2 with 59%
Summary
The models of development and growth of a city are closely linked to the capacity of implementing the infrastructure basic services require, taking into account water, electricity, sewage, roads, among others, with the purpose of increasing productivity and minimizing the economic gap between members of the same society.[1,2] In other words, an adequate investment in infrastructure facilitates and stimulates the economic growth of a society.[3,4] Considering the above, it can be assumed that road infrastructure networks are one of the fundamental pillars of development, the evaluation of the road system’s coverage, as well as the definition of possible areas of intervention, are necessary. 31% of the populations perceive that their current trips take more time than in previous years.[10] Bearing in mind that this research focuses on the city of Manizales, it is important to clarify that within the calculation processes it is necessary to link the urban area of the municipality of Villamaría, considering its strong economic and geographical connection, as well as the interaction between their inhabited nuclei.[11] Like Manizales, the municipality of Villamaría rests on one side of the central mountain range at 5°02’44” northern latitude and 75°30’55” western longitude, with a total extension of 462 km[212] and a population projection of 48,636 by 2017.9
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