Abstract
Chile has set itself to achieve Greenhouse Gas emission neutrality, with at least 70% of electricity coming from renewable energy sources by 2050. To this end, institutional and regulatory frameworks have been improved, resulting in significant progress in medium and large-scale projects. However, solar energy production at residential level and its surplus injection to all distribution networks has been very limited. This paper analyzes the evolution of the regulatory energy policies in Chile in order to contrast it with an economic evaluation of residential projects. The analysis focuses on the city of Arica, one of the highest potential regions in terms of solar energy within the country. There, a particularly low penetration of residential solar energy usage has been observed. Based on the current situation, projections are made for Arica in 2050, through the identification of barriers and opportunities on a residential scale development. According to some recommendations, there is the need to design policies that take into account the particular characteristics of each region within the country.
Highlights
Electric power is sometimes central to some aspects of societal development [1].840 million people living in rural areas lack this essential service [2]
Statistics on electricity consumption of a sector of the total population have been obtained and analyzed and paired with knowledge of the fundamental facts related to the research
Regarding the results of economic projection in System Advisor Model (SAM) for 2050, it was gathered that: the PV will have a profit of USD 469 according to the Net present value (NPV); net capital cost is equivalent to USD; Approximately in 11 years the initial investment of the PV is recovered; during the first year the customer with the PV has saved USD 187.1 in electricity consumption and has earned USD 78, whilst by 2050 the PV will have saved USD 9203 in electricity bill payments allowing a USD 2339 profit; and in the first year the PV will generate 3831
Summary
Electric power is sometimes central to some aspects of societal development [1]. 840 million people living in rural areas lack this essential service [2]. According to the World Bank, as of 2015, 87.06% of the world’s population had access to electricity, 65.24% of which was supplied from fossil sources such as oil, gas or coal [3]. All said fuels are great contributors of carbon dioxide production (CO2 ), which is considered the main environmental pollutant. By 2040, emissions are estimated to reach 43.2 billion metric tons [4]. In accordance with the requirements of the Paris Agreement, Chile has initiated a decarbonization process, committing to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions neutrality by [5]. In May 2014, the Energy Agenda was approved by Ministerio de Energía
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