Abstract
Iranian architecture and urbanism have developed in a historical process based on the different needs of people. The evolution of traditional Iranian architecture and urbanism may be characterized by eight factors: introversion, spatial organization, function of different parts, lifestyle, construction method, communication between houses, climatic conditions, and relationship with nature. In the recent decades, however, Iranian architecture and urbanism have faced a blind imitation of foreign cultures. The majority of modern buildings do not reflect the national identity of Iranian people. This paper investigates the architectural and urban transformation in Iran based on the rearrangement of building spaces. In doing so, the paper explores the development process of major interior and exterior elements such as public entrances, private entrances, kitchens, rooms, yards and open spaces. As a conclusion, while traditional Iranian architecture attempts to preserve the national identity and meet the different needs of Iranian people, the modern architecture is a blind imitation of western cultures.
Highlights
Home has always been an integral part of human life. home as essential need of human being developed through history and time and that is why all civilizations have paid particular attention to home architecture
Iranian architecture has developed as a process reflecting the different needs of people
Iranian architecture has faced a blind imitation of foreign cultures
Summary
Home has always been an integral part of human life. home as essential need of human being developed through history and time and that is why all civilizations have paid particular attention to home architecture. Home as essential need of human being developed through history and time and that is why all civilizations have paid particular attention to home architecture This sensitivity has gone as far as to become a national symbol in all cultures. With scientific and technological development, the necessities of the modern society, and ethnic and cultural gaps, the construction of houses (so-called residential units) was entrusted to architects and mass construction These residential units are quickly built without the presence of the owner and without any consideration to climatic conditions or cultural norms. The owners have no feeling of attachment to, or security in, such houses This change of lifestyle involves almost all social, political and economic aspects of human life. The evolution process of traditional houses explains their architectural patterns and the impact on modern architecture, and determines the points considered in this paper in the development of modern housing in Iran
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