Evolution of oral neoplasm in an andalusian population (Spain).

R Flores-Ruiz,M-A Serrera-Figallo,R Castillo-Oyague,L Castellanos-Cosano,D Torres-Lagares,A Gutiérrez-Corrales,J-L Gutiérrez-Perez

doi:10.4317/medoral.21839

Abstract

BackgroundHead and neck cancer are one of the most common neoplasm pathologies in humans. The aim of this study was to analyze the type, characteristics, treatment and evolution of oral neoplasm or precancerous lesion in a sample of Andalusian population (Spain) derived from the Oncology Rehabilitation Hospital Unit during a period of 20 years.Material and MethodsA retrospective descriptive study was carried out during the years 1991 and 2011 analyzing the type, characteristics, treatment and follow-up of oral neoplasm in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of the Universitary Hospital “Virgen del Rocío”. The inclusion criteria were patients whose underlying pathology was any type of benign or malignant neoplasm or presence of precancerous lesion that, after treatment, had been referred to the Prosthetic Rehabilitation Unit.ResultsOf the initial analyzed sample of 60 patients, only 45 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of the final sample analyzed, 31 subjects were men (68.9%) and 14 women (31.1%) (p = 0.0169). The mean age of the sample was 57 years ± 13.83, been more frequently in older people with more than 50 years (73.3%) (p = 0.0169). The most common type of neoplasm was epidermoid carcinoma (64.4%). The site most frequently found in squamous cell carcinoma was the floor of the mouth (31%). The most frequent treatment modality was surgery with postoperative radiotherapy (42.2%). All patients had a minimum follow-up of 5 years, and a recurrence in this period was identified in 11.1% of the sample. Multivariate logistic regression showed a statistically significant association for the variables age (p = 0.0063) and smoking (p = 0.0434).ConclusionsEpidermoid carcinoma is the most frequent tumor in the oral cavity, where increase age and smoking are confirmed as associated risk factors. Key words:Head and neck neoplasm, Squamous cell carcinoma, epidermoide carcinoma, epidemiology, risk factors.

Highlights

Head and neck cancer are one of the most common neoplasm pathologies in humans, accounting for 3% of all types of cancers
48% of the cases are located in the oral cavity, of which 90% correspond to squamous cell carcinoma [1,2]
The etiology is of unknown origin it has been shown that squamous cell carcinoma from the oropharyngeal cavity is associated with high frequency with tobacco consumption, alcohol abuse and poor nutritional status

Summary

Introduction

Head and neck cancer are one of the most common neoplasm pathologies in humans, accounting for 3% of all types of cancers. 48% of the cases are located in the oral cavity, of which 90% correspond to squamous cell carcinoma [1,2] This pathology affects largely of the population of middle and advanced age, where 90% occurs in people over 40 years of age, with predominance between 55 and 70 years [3]. The objective of this research was to analyze type, characteristics, treatment and evolution of oral benign or malignant neoplasm or presence of precancerous lesion in a sample of the Andalusian population (Spain) derived from the Oncology Rehabilitation Hospital Unit during a period of 20 years. The aim of this study was to analyze the type, characteristics, treatment and evolution of oral neoplasm or precancerous lesion in a sample of Andalusian population (Spain) derived from the Oncology Rehabilitation Hospital Unit during a period of 20 years. Conclusions: Epidermoid carcinoma is the most frequent tumor in the oral cavity, where increase age and smoking are confirmed as associated risk factors

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