Abstract
A compact 1.48 μm InGaAsP laser-diode (LD)-pumped erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (EDFA) was invented in 1989 and it revolutionized optical communication in combination with a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique. Recently, in addition to the existing single-core EDFA, a multi-core EDFA, which employs space division multiplexing (SDM), was developed to increase transmission capacity even further. The first half of this paper describes the evolution of the EDFA from a single-core to a multi-core device and the second half focuses on related topics in optical communication.
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