Abstract
The first juridical text referring directly to children is the decree of July 19th 1791 from « La Convention » which founded reformatories for youngsters under age 21. This text precised that the youngs shut up at their family's request had to be parted from the condemned ones. Until then incarcerations, tortures, judgements including the death penally were imposed to children as well as to adults. However the two texts of Septembre 25th and October 6th 1791, both imbued with « the triumph of Reason on Obscurantism », remained without outcomes for want of financial means. The 1810 Penal Code concerning minors' misdemeanours did remain in force until 1912. Nevertheless two dates are to be remembered : during the Restauration, the establishment of« La Petite Roquette », the first improvment prison, and in 1860 the creation of the agricole reformatory settlement in Saint-Hilaire. Ordered on March 22th 1841, another important law controlled the work in manufactures for children age 8 to 16. Finally from 1927 to 1974, eleven laws and decrees founded the « Maisons d'Education surveillée » (1927), the « Direction de l'Education surveillée » (1945) and the juridictions for children (1958). They also established the age of majority at age 18 (1974).
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