Abstract
We report on the analysis of subsurface vorticity/helicity measurements for flare producing and quiet active regions. We have developed a parameter to investigate whether large, decreasing kinetic helicity density commonly occurs prior to active region flaring. This new parameter is effective at separating flaring and non-flaring active regions and even separates among C-, M-, and X-class flare producing regions. In addition, this parameter provides advance notice of flare occurrence, as it increases 2-3 days before the flare occurs. These results are striking on an average basis, though on an individual basis there is still considerable overlap between flare associated and non-flare associated values. We propose the following qualitative scenario for flare production: subsurface rotational kinetic energy twists the magnetic field lines into an unstable configuration, resulting in explosive reconnection and a flare.
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