Abstract
In our study of the system barium hydroxide-titanium tetraisopropoxide–water–isopropanol between 85 and 150 °C, we have observed the following evidence of a mechanism by dissolution-precipitation: (1) when varying the water/isopropanol ratio in synthesis at 150 °C, the grain size of barium titanate decreases when the amount of alcohol increases, i.e. when the solubility of the precursors decreases; (2) TEM observations of incompletely reacted powders showed that the grains are either amorphous or entirely crystalline BaTiO 3, which means that homogeneous nucleation and growth is occurring instead of heterogeneous nucleation; (3) high resolution TEM observations of fully reacted powders revealed the presence of necks between particles. These three experimental observations in the same reaction system provide strong evidence of dissolution-precipitation as the primary reaction mechanism.
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