Evidence-based review of ultrasound imaging for regional anesthesia

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Use of ultrasound guidance for regional anesthesia has grown in popularity recently. Advocates claim many benefits, including higher success rates, a decrease in block performance time, a decrease in onset time, a higher quality block, the ability to use less local anesthetic, and a longer duration of block. Many also believe that the ability to visualize critical structures decreases the rate of complications. This article reviews the current evidence for these claimed benefits. In addition, discussion of how clinical practice patterns are affected and how ultrasound can add to the knowledge base of regional anesthesia practice is presented.