Evidence-based Physiotherapy and Functionality in Adult and Pediatric patients with COVID-19

Cássio Magalhães Da Silva E Silva,Eugênia Lima,Mansueto Gomes Neto,Wiron Correia Lima Filho,Daniel Salgado Xavier,Vitor Oliveira Carvalho,Vinícius Afonso Gomes,Oséas Florêncio De Moura Filho,Aline Do Nascimento Andrade,Balbino Nepomuceno,Robson Da Silva Almeida,Iura Gonzalez,Michelli Christina Magalhães Novais,Juliana Costa Santos,Paulo Magalhães,Mateus Souza Esquivel

doi:10.7322/jhgd.v30.10086

Abstract

Introduction: The new corona virus (2019-nCoV OR HCOV-19 or CoV2), has emerged in China as the main cause of viral pneumonia (COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease-19). Objective: To provide evidence-based Physiotherapy and functionality in patients with adult and pediatric COVID-19. Methods: This is an integrative literature review using the MedLine / PubMed databases, library of Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDRo). Results: Part of the patients with covid 19 show signs of respiratory deficiency with hypoxemia, with low severity in children. Impaired functionality is also expected. Conclusion: COVID-19 causes low pulmonary compliance and important changes in lung function with hypoxemia and cardiovascular repercussions. These changes lead to the need for Physiotherapy and the management of oxygen therapy and ventilatory support (invasive and non-invasive) for these patients.

Highlights

The corona virus (2019-nCoV OR HCOV-19 or CoV2), has emerged in China as the main cause of viral pneumonia (COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease-19)
Patients with a mean age of 47 years had a mortality rate of 3 to 5%, oxygen therapy was necessary in 42% of these patients, 5% were admitted to the ICU, 2.3% underwent invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and of these, 1.4% died[6,7]
As the Physiotherapist is in charge of the care process for these patients, there is a need to better understand the functional repercussions of COVID-19 in order to think about the best approach to the patient, the objective of this work is to evaluate scientific evidence about Physiotherapy and functionality in patients with adult and pediatric COVID-19

Summary

Introduction

The corona virus (2019-nCoV OR HCOV-19 or CoV2), has emerged in China as the main cause of viral pneumonia (COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease-19). Discovered through entire genome sequencing, the pathogen was considered a new beta coronavirus genus, and the pathology was called a new coronavirus pneumonia, defined by the World Health Organization[1,2,3,4]. Clinical conditions such as hypertension, respiratory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases seem to be important risk factors for the severity of covid-195. Studies indicate the occurrence of acute myocarditis and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which favors systolic dysfunction and myocardial infarction[8,9]

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Conclusion