Everything you always wanted to ask about the Lapa do Picareiro Aurignacian and should not be afraid to know: A reply to ‘The early Aurignacian at Lapa do Picareiro really is that old’

Abstract

Knowledge regarding the response of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to glacial–interglacial climatic cycles in the late Pleistocene is critical to understanding the global climate system and projections of future sea level rise. Here, we observed notable glacial–interglacial cyclicity in magnetic properties, bulk detrital Sr–Nd isotopes, and Fe/Ti ratios over the previous 530 kyr in three well-dated gravity cores from the continental rise offshore of Prydz Bay (East Antarctica). Our results show that Antarctic continental sources with more Ti-rich magnetite, less radiogenic epsilon neodymium (εNd), and higher Fe/Ti ratios were predominant during glacials in comparison with interglacials. Specifically, the εNd amplitude through MIS 11–5 differs from that in the remainder of the records, which is also expressed in the magnetic coercivity cycles with subdued patterns. Following source identification on the basis of the detrital Sr–Nd distribution, we recognize two main (rock type) sources and infer two types of ice drainage flow pattern (“flank” and “channelized”), which follow different pathways in the Lambert Glacier–Amery Ice Shelf system (LG-AISS). The first follows an eastern path connecting the Ingrid Christensen Coast (flank), while the second follows a central channel via the LG-AISS (channelized) during MIS 11–5. Regular dynamics on glacial–interglacial timescales, manifested by changes in magnetic coercivity, are closely related to the modeled Antarctic ice volume and ice sheet movement, in which the second channelized pathway during MIS 11–5 corresponds to a 340-kyr-long episode with contiguous warmer-than-present Antarctic interglacials (MIS 11, 9, 7, and 5). Our records thus provide the clearest evidence so far of variable patterns of ice sheet dynamics during the late Pleistocene in the Prydz Bay sector of East Antarctica, which coincided with similar variation of ice drainage during the late Miocene–early Pliocene at around 1.13 Ma (ODP188). Similar ice drainage changes in these two periods imply that major ice flow reconfiguration can be triggered repeatedly by abrupt changes from a stable warm period to a cold one. The presented data not only reveal glacial–interglacial cyclicity in ice sheet advance and retreat in the meridional direction, but also implicate latitudinal adjustment (lateral) within a thin elongated drainage basin of the LG-AISS.