Abstract
We analyze the transverse momentum (p T) and rapidity (y) spectra of top quark pairs, hadronic top quarks, and top quarks produced in proton-proton (pp) collisions at center-of-mass energy TeV. For spectra, we use the superposition of the inverse power-law suggested by the QCD (quantum chromodynamics) calculus and the Erlang distribution resulting from a multisource thermal model. For y spectra, we use the two-component Gaussian function resulting from the revised Landau hydrodynamic model. The modelling results are in agreement with the experimental data measured at the detector level, in the fiducial phase-space, and in the full phase-space by the ATLAS Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Based on the parameter values extracted from p T and y spectra, the event patterns in three-dimensional velocity (βx -βy -βz ), momentum (px -py -pz ), and rapidity (y 1-y 2-y) spaces are obtained, and the probability distributions of these components are also obtained.
Highlights
The top quark is the heaviest particle in the standard model, and is very different from the other quarks
We mainly use the superposition of the inverse power-law suggested by the QCD calculus [15,16,17] and the Erlang distribution resulting from a multisource thermal model [18], and the two-component Gaussian function resulting from the revised Landau hydrodynamic model [26,27,28,29] to fit the pT and y spectra of the top quark-related product√s produced in pp collisions at the center-of-mass energy s = 8 TeV measured at the detector level, in the fiducial phase-space, and in the full phase-space by the ATLAS Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [30]
(a) We have used the hybrid model to fit the top quark-related spectra of pT and y, which include the spectra of ttsystems, hadronic top√quarks, and top quarks produced in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV measured by the ATLAS Collaboration at the LHC
Summary
The top quark is the heaviest particle in the standard model, and is very different from the other quarks. In order to understand the sophisticated collision process and mechanism intuitively, we can use the method of event pattern (particle scatter plot) at the last stage of particle production to obtain information about the interacting system. We mainly use the superposition of the inverse power-law suggested by the QCD (quantum chromodynamics) calculus [15,16,17] and the Erlang distribution resulting from a multisource thermal model [18], and the two-component Gaussian function resulting from the revised Landau hydrodynamic model [26,27,28,29] to fit the pT and y spectra of the top quark-related product√s produced in pp collisions at the center-of-mass energy s = 8 TeV measured at the detector level, in the fiducial phase-space, and in the full phase-space by the ATLAS Collaboration at the LHC [30].
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