Event driven energy depth and channel aware routing for underwater acoustic sensor networks: Agent oriented clustering based approach

Abstract

An energy efficient channel aware and depth based scalable and multipath agent based routing protocol is proposed in this paper. We consider a scenario consisting of underwater sensor nodes, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV), underwater gateways, and surface gateways deployed at the territory to monitor the ocean environment (temperature, salinity and pressure) and detect the intruder (moving or static object). Dynamic clustering process is initiated on occurrence of an event; sensor nodes in the event affected area facilitate collection and aggregation of data by the cluster head. The cluster head initiates routing scheme by using mobile agent and its clones to discover multiple paths to a surface gateway based on parameters such as node energy, hop count, propagation delay and channel quality. In order to improve network connectivity and reliability in case of network partitions, an agent based dynamic AUV traversal algorithm is proposed to reorient direction of AUV movement.