Abstract
In this paper, we propose a distributed data-gathering scheme using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) working as a mobile sink to gather data from a randomly distributed underwater sensor network where sensor nodes are clustered around several cluster headers. Unlike conventional data-gathering schemes where the AUV visits either every node or every cluster header, the proposed scheme allows the AUV to visit some selected nodes named path-nodes in a way that reduces the overall transmission power of the sensor nodes. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to investigate the performance of the proposed scheme compared with several preexisting techniques employing the AUV in terms of total amount of energy consumption, standard deviation of each node’s energy consumption, latency to gather data at a sink, and controlling overhead. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme not only reduces the total energy consumption but also distributes the energy consumption more uniformly over the network, thereby increasing the lifetime of the network.
Highlights
Introduction and MotivationIn the last few decades, researchers have shown tremendous interest in the deployment of sensor fields called underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) for various applications related to environmental monitoring, tactical surveillance, and reconnaissance data acquisition in oceanic fields
We presented a distributed data-gathering scheme using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) over a UWSN
In the absence of global information such as residual energy and amount of traffic to be collected, the proposed scheme organizes the network into deterministic neighborhoods, where cluster head (CH) manage relay nodes, substituting them with new ones based on the residual energy at member nodes (MNs)
Summary
In the last few decades, researchers have shown tremendous interest in the deployment of sensor fields called underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) for various applications related to environmental monitoring, tactical surveillance, and reconnaissance data acquisition in oceanic fields. In [10] the authors considered a polling scheme for an AUV to communicate neighboring sensor nodes at a tour point In such a data-gathering approach, the probabilistic neighborhood, where the probability of successful communication is low, may result in many retransmissions. The framework should be able to handle the selection of each relay-node for a neighborhood in such a way that uniform energy consumption may take place over the network The designing of such a framework that achieves a deterministic neighborhood for AUV data gathering and which may meet the requirement of uniform energy consumption is a challenging task owing to adverse channel conditions and absence of global information on energy consumption.
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