Abstract
Abstract In order to suggest the best cultivars of gladiolus to grow in moderate regions of Iran, an experiment was carried out in a complete randomized block design in three replications with five cultivars of Gladiolus grandiflorus (‘Oscar’, ‘Red Advance’, ‘White Prosperity’, ‘Rose Supreme’ and ‘Lemon Drop’) at the ornamental plants research center in Mahallat city of Iran. In reproductive and yields traits, ‘Red Advance’ were the highest. The highest vegetative traits were observed in ‘Oscar’. The highest spike length (84.6 cm), number of florets (18.00), vase life (9.33 days) and plant height (172.88 cm) were observed in ‘Oscar’. The highest corm weight (51.16 mm), numbers of cormlets (54.66) were observed in ‘Red Advance’. The results showed that the rate of propagation was high in ‘Red Advance’. The highest heritability in traits were estimated as plant height (98.67%), leaf width (98.66%), leaf length (98.12%), number of florets (98.55%), length of spike (98.90%) and diameter of stem (98.84%). There was a positive and significant correlation between the yield of corm and cormlets with the number of cormlet (r = 0.99) and diameter of cormlet (r = 0.96) and diameter of cormlet with the number of cormlet (r = 0.96). ‘Red Advance’ cultivar may be recommended for cultivation as alternative to some oldest cultivars (like ‘Oscar’), which showed potentiality for marketing both in domestic and foreign markets.
Highlights
Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflora Hort.) belongs to family Iridaceae, sub-family Ixioideae, tribe Ixieae and sub-tribe (Ranjan et al, 2010), and it is usually called as the queen of bulbous flowers (Randhawa and Mukhopadhyay, 2000)
Variance analyses showed that the difference of the mentioned cultivars was significant in 1% p-value for all the studied characteristics showing the varieties for all traits in gladiolus cultivars
Based on the coefficient of variation (C.V.), traits were divided into three groups: the first group with low variability (C.V. ≥10 or less), most of the traits were in this group; the second group was moderate (C.V. ≥1120) and third group as high variability (C.V. ≤20 or more), the range of coefficient of variation among traits were 2.50- 35.38% and that the maximum and minimum were for yield of corm and cormlets (35.38%) and plant height (2.50%), respectively (Table 1)
Summary
Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflora Hort.) belongs to family Iridaceae, sub-family Ixioideae, tribe Ixieae and sub-tribe (Ranjan et al, 2010), and it is usually called as the queen of bulbous flowers (Randhawa and Mukhopadhyay, 2000). The most important producers of gladiolus are the United States of America, Netherlands, France, Portugal, Italy, Belgium, Brazil, Australia and India It has the 8th rank of cut flowers and first rank of bulbous flowers in the world trade (Pragya et al, 2010). Tomiozzo et al (2018) studied different gladiolus cultivars in various climatic and introduced early cycle (‘Purple Flora’, ‘Rose Friendship’ and ‘White Friendship’) and intermediate cycle (‘Green Star’ and ‘Jester’), produced cut- flower of gladiolus in the favorable model besides as well as having a shorter growth cycle than late cultivars (‘Gold Field’), being recommended for commercial cultivation in Southern Brazil. Environmental factor in combination with genetic and physiological factors play an important role in determination of plant potential for propagating material. The present research was conducted to identify the suitable, adaptable cultivars for replacing the older ones (‘Oscar’) in the moderate regions (where the temperature in the summer is between 25 to 30 °C per day and between 20 and 23 °C at night) of Iran
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