Evaluation the effect of Ginkgo Biloba and Coenzyme Q10 on Doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in rats

Abstract

Doxorubicin,an anthracycline antibiotic is a powerful antineoplastic drug,but its therapeutic usefulness is limited by its cardiotoxicity. The present study investigated the influence of pretreatment with Ginkgo biloba and Coenzyme Q10 alone or in combination on doxorubicin induced acute cardiotoxicity in rats regarding biochemical and histological approaches. 30 rats were divided randomly into five groups each contain six rats. The first group received normal saline (5ml/kg,ip) daily for ten days,which considered as control group. The second group received normal saline (5ml/kg,ip) daily for ten days and then doxorubicin single dose (20mg/kg,ip) on 8th day,which considered as doxorubicin group. The third group treated with Ginkgo Biloba (100mg/kg,po) daily for ten successive days,and on 8th day,one hour after drug administration,doxorubicin single dose (20mg/kg,ip) was given. The fourth group treated with Coenzyme Q10 (50mg/kg,po),daily for ten successive days,and on 8th day,doxorubicin single dose (20mg/kg,ip) was given. The fifth group treated with both Ginkgo Biloba (100mg/kg,po) and Coenzyme Q10 (50mg/kg,po), daily for ten successive days,and on 8th day,one hour after drug administration,doxorubicin single dose (20mg/kg,ip) was given. At 11th day of the study,blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis,then animals were sacrificed and hearts were taken for histopathological observations. Rats treated with doxorubicin showed cardiotoxicity as evidenced by significant elevation of serum cardiac troponin (cTn-I) level,serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level,brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) serum level,Caspase-3 serum level, (LPO) serum level,and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),and significant reduction in glutathione peroxide serum level associated with important histopathological alterationswhile pre-treatment with Ginkgo biloba and Coenzyme Q10 elicited a significant decrease in the activities of all markers measured in comparison with doxorubicin treated group with pronounced resolution of doxoribicin-induced cardiac histopathological changes to a milder picture. These results suggest pretreatment with Ginkgo biloba and Coenzyme Q10 alone or in combination provide a significant protective effect against acute-doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats represented by biochemical markers and histological approaches.