EVALUATION OF TOXICITY AND EFFICACY OF ORAL ANTISEPTICS RELATED TO DENTAL CELL RESOURCES

Abstract

<h3>Background</h3> The objective of this work was to verify the influence of oral antiseptics on cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), to establish antisepsis protocols of lower cytotoxicity. <h3>Methods</h3> 5 × 10⁴ cells were inserted into 24-well plates under culture conditions for 48 hours, divided as group C (control); group BM (peroxide), 3 wells with 1:1 antiseptic/culture medium solution and 3 wells with 1:10 antiseptic/culture medium solution); CP group (triclosan, 1:1 and 1:10); group PP (chlorhexidine, 1:1 and 1:10). Two microbiological tests were also performed, agar diffusion test (AD) and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). For the AD test, 9 Petri dishes containing Müeller-Hinton agar were prepared in which strains of E. faecalis were inoculated and divided into 4 parts, in which paper discs embedded in the antiseptics were placed (peroxide, chlorhexidine and triclosan, with 50%, 75% and 100% concentrations). The MIC test was performed with Müeller-Hinton broth, with E. faecalis (to McFarland‘s 0.5 scale). 10 mμ of antiseptics were inoculated in these tubes. After 72 h, the samples were read at a spectrophotometer. Data was submitted to two way ANOVA and Tukey test (<i>p</i>≤0.05). <h3>Results</h3> At the inverted microscope, group C presented cells that appeared closer and with a spreading aspect, besides viability of 92.3% (flow cytometry). In the BM group, the identification of cellular limits were not clear (1:1 with 69% viability), with round cell morphology, closer and non-adherent cells (1:10 with 95% viability). In the CP group the cells were smaller, separated and with few elongations (1:1 with 46.8% viability) – similar with group C (1:10 with 60.1%). In the PP group, cells were small and separated, with a spreading aspect (1:1 with 95.7% viability, and 1:10 with 100% viability). At the microbiological tests, all solutions presented antiseptic properties, although the CP group presented the lowest antimicrobiological results. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The group with the least morphological influence on the cells was PP. However, due to mutagenicity effect, chlorhexidine-based antiseptics should be avoided when cells are submitted to culture processing. At 1:10 dilution, peroxide-based antiseptic provided excellent viability (95%), although important morphological changes were seen. Regarding the microbiological tests, even at different concentrations and results, all antiseptics in this study were considered effective in eliminating E. faecalis.