Evaluation of Thromboprophylaxis Practice in Hospitalized Patients in the Medical Department of Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital of Thies, Senegal

Abstract

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism disease (VTE) is a common complication of hospitalization. Objective: To assess the practice of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients in the department of medicine. Patients and Methods: It is an observational cross-sectional study conducted from 01 February to 31 March 2019 in the medical departments of the Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital of Thies. All the patients hospitalized with at least 18 years of age were included. The thromboembolic risk was assessed with the Padua score and thromboprophylaxis assessed according to the ACCP 2012 recommendations. Results: One hundred and forty four patients were included. Seventy-one (49.3%) were in the high thromboembolic risk category. The most frequently reported risk factors were mobility impairment (n = 72; 50%), age of 70 years or above (n = 35; 24.3%), heart failure (n = 23; 16%), acute infections (n = 14; 9.7%) and cancers (n = 13; 9.02%). The prevention of venous thromboembolism was practiced in 25 of the 71 patients with high thromboembolic risk or a rate of 35.2%. Thromboprophylaxis was exclusively drug-based with Enoxaparin. Conclusion: The practice of prophylaxis for VTE was low in the medical departments. Efforts still need to be made to reduce the high rate of thromboembolic complications associated with hospitalization.