Abstract
Abstract The article presents the modification of flame-retardant fabric surfaces made of basalt, Nomex®, and cotton fabric to improve their selected thermal comfort properties. The modification consisted of depositing on the fabric surface by magnetron sputtering the metal (aluminum) and ceramic (zirconium (IV) oxide) coatings with a thickness of 1 μm and 5 μm. Flame-retardant fabrics have been chosen because of the desire to apply them to gloves intended for the use in hot-work environments. The article presents the results of testing reference samples and their modifications, which were subjected to the test of resistance to contact heat for contact temperatures of 100°C and 250°C, resistance to thermal radiation and examined their selected thermal comfort parameters, i.e., the thermal conductivity coefficient and heat absorption coefficient. Almost the 1st efficiency level for contact heat was reached for basalt fabric coated with zirconium (IV) oxide with a thickness of 5 μm. The 1st level of protection against heat radiation was obtained for all reference and modified samples. Based on the Kruskal–Wallis test, it was noticed that a significant change in parameter values is caused by the modification with 5 μm thick coating.
Highlights
Nowadays, scientists are striving to combine various scientific disciplines to obtain an innovative product with new properties, or a product with improved properties
The process of physical vapor deposition (PVD) relying on the coating formed on a selected substrate by the physical application of atoms, molecules, or ions of certain chemical compounds is already used to modify textile materials to improve their specific properties [1, 2]
The highest resistance to contact heat for the contact temperature of 100°C was obtained for the basalt fabric (BZ5) with the flame-retardant coating with zirconia with a thickness of 5 μm and thermal radiation transfer coefficient equals to 14.9 s
Summary
Scientists are striving to combine various scientific disciplines to obtain an innovative product with new properties, or a product with improved properties. Researchers modify textiles differently with the PVD process to improve their shielding properties, e.g., using a cathodic sputtering method to obtain ultrathin metallic coatings on selected textile substrates [3]. It was found that the basic condition for obtaining a good quality material is to produce the most continuous metal coating on the surface of nonwovens Another example is the modification of textile materials by methods of the PVD process to obtain electroconductive materials and use them in textronics [4, 5]. The coating obtained by the high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering was characterized by much better antimicrobial effectiveness, and the chosen method can be used to produce fabrics exhibiting antibacterial properties
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