Abstract
• Organic 4-nitrophenol bulk crystal was grown using vertical Bridgman technique. • Monoclinic Crystal structure was identified with the space group of P 21/ c . • Electrical activation energy of 4NP was found as 0.310 eV. • Thermogravimetry and mechanical properties were discussed. The organic 4-nitrophenol bulk crystal was grown using single wall ampoule with the vertical Bridgman technique. The grown-crystal was analyzed by single-crystal XRD, powder-XRD, proton NMR, and FTIR studies to investigate its various properties. Single-crystal XRD evidenced the monoclinic crystal system with the space group of P 2 1/ c . Thermal stability was analyzed using thermogravimetric, differential thermal curves, and kinetic parameters. The dielectric behavior and electrical conductivity were discussed. Vickers micro-hardness tester performed to find the mechanical strength and the hardness tester showed that the 4-nitrophenol crystal obeys the indentation size effect. These results may be used for microelectronics and nonlinear optical device applications.
Published Version
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