Abstract
This work was designed to study the toxic effects of Albizia mahalao extracts on various organisms and explore their possible uses to fight against noxious organisms. Methanolic extracts of leaves (LME), stem (SME) and root (RME) barks, alkaloids (Alk) and saponosides (Sap) from leaves were tested. All extracts were toxic to mice with LD50 values by intraperitoneal route ranging from 69.18 (RME) to 135.52 mg/kg body weight (Alk). By oral route, at doses 5 and 10 times higher than intraperitoneal LD100 those extracts were not toxic. LME, SME and RME were toxic to carp alvins, frog tadpoles but not to chicks and mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. LC50 on carp alvins varied from 63.78 (RME) to 86.89 µg/mL (SME) and LC50 on frog tadpoles from 68.43 (RME) to 153.4 µg/mL (SME). All the methanolic extracts inhibited the germination of 53.8 % of the seed plants tested with inhibition percentages ranging from 20 to 100 %. In previous study, the same Albizia mahalao extracts were found to be efficient against many pathogenic bacteria at low doses. The extracts non-toxicity by oral route allowed envisaging their use to treat some diseases associated with these bacteria.
Highlights
Albizia is a very cosmopolitan botanical genus including about 150 species extensively distributed in tropical and subtropical regions
Several Malagasy Albizia spp. such as A. divaricata, A. greveana, A. masikororum, A. tulearensis, A. viridis and A. bernieri were already proved to be toxic to various organisms [2, 3, 4]
The antimicrobial activities we reported in a previous paper [5], showed the efficiency of the methanolic extracts and alkaloid fraction from A. mahalao against pathological bacteria strains for human like Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella enterica and Shigella flexneri
Summary
Albizia is a very cosmopolitan botanical genus including about 150 species extensively distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. A research program on toxic plants endemic to Madagascar including Albizia species has been conducted in our laboratory. The antimicrobial activities we reported in a previous paper [5], showed the efficiency of the methanolic extracts and alkaloid fraction from A. mahalao against pathological bacteria strains for human like Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella enterica and Shigella flexneri. These results led us to pursue our investigations on A. mahalao in order to identify other biological properties that could serve useful purposes such as the control of noxious organisms
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