Abstract
Developing safe and effective multifunctional nanomaterials for cancer therapy is crucial. A highly effective contrast agent is necessary for optimal results in CT scans during radiotherapy.we synthesized bismuth oxide using the sol-gel method, coated it with chitosan, and added layers of 5-aminolevulinic acid and curcumin. The curcumin in the nano complex makes it ideal for targeted applications.Bi2O3/CS@5-ALA-CUR NPs with a size of about 80 nm and exceptional stability were synthesized and fully characterized through FTIR, XRD, DLS, and TEM analysis. An MTT assay showed that Bi2O3/CS@5-ALA-CUR NPs had the highest cytotoxicity at 160 μg/mL with radiation after 48 h incubation time on SKBr-3 cells, with no significant cytotoxicity on normal cells. Bi2O3/CS@5-ALA-CUR NPs increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced radiosensitization effects by up to 450 %. SKBr-3 cells were CT scanned after 48 h incubation with 400 μM concentration, revealing the highest X-ray attenuation at 80 kVp. Bi2O3/CS@5-ALA-CUR NP injection and 2 Gy radiation exposure at 6 MV significantly reduced tumor size in female BALB/c mice compared to controls.These exciting findings suggest that Bi2O3/CS@5-ALA-CUR nanoparticles have immense potential as theranostic agents for diagnosing and treating tumors, with the added benefit of being guided by CT imaging during radiotherapy.
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