Evaluation of the Technological Properties of Artificial Agglomerated Stones in Epoxy Resin and Castor Oil-Based Vegetable Polyurethane Matrix

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to produce and evaluate the technological properties of artificial agglomerated stone slabs produced using the waste from the stone commercially known as "Preto São Gabriel," using epoxy resin and castor oil-based polyurethane. Theoretical framework: Ornamental stones are widely used in the construction sector and are of great economic importance to the country. During the production stages, a significant amount of waste is generated. The production process generates a substantial amount of waste from the extraction and processing processes that have no economic value, accounting for approximately 40 to 60% of the production during mining, and during the cutting stage, about 30 to 35% is generated. Method: To manufacture the artificial stone slabs, the waste was crushed in a jaw crusher and ceramic plate mill and screened into three particle size ranges. The slabs were produced using the vacuum vibro-compression method. Technological characterization tests were conducted, including bulk density, apparent porosity, water absorption, and three-point strength tests. Results and conclusions: It is concluded that slabs produced with both resins can be applied in locations requiring good flexural strength. For use in areas with water presence, those produced with epoxy resin are recommended, as they exhibited lower porosity and water absorption. Research implications: Utilizing waste from ornamental stones, which amounts to millions of tons and is disposed of in landfills or storage facilities, to manufacture agglomerated stones represents a significant contribution to environmental impact reduction, aligning with the principles of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance). Originality/value: The evaluation of the technological properties of artificial agglomerated stones produced from ornamental stone waste is of fundamental importance for the correct and safe application of these sustainable materials in civil construction.