Abstract
AbstractSaponin as a biosurfactant was extracted from IranianZiziphus spina-christileaves using three green extraction methods namely, autoclave, microwave and Bain-Marie heating methods. In this study, three solvents namely, methanol, ethanol and water were used to extract saponin. The results revealed that water, as compared to the methanol and ethanol, is a more suitable solvent to extract saponin from theZ. spina-christileaves. The obtained results indicated that saponin extraction using autoclave provided more suitable physico-chemical properties along with a better yield. In fact, maximum foam volume (12.56 cm3), color intensity (3.24% absorbance unit [a.u.]) and turbidity (1.39% a.u.) of the extracted solutions was obtained by the autoclave heating method. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results also illustrated that the amounts of extracted saponin using autoclave, Bain-Marie and microwave heating extraction methods were 14, 8.8 and 1.3 (intensity mV), respectively. The results obtained by HPLC were reconfirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis.
Highlights
Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds with high potential activity to reduce surface tension between two immiscible fluids [1, 2]
Saponin as a biosurfactant was extracted from Iranian Ziziphus spina-christi leaves using three green extraction methods namely, autoclave, microwave and Bain-Marie heating methods
The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results illustrated that the amounts of extracted saponin using autoclave, Bain-Marie and microwave heating extraction methods were 14, 8.8 and 1.3, respectively
Summary
Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds with high potential activity to reduce surface tension between two immiscible fluids [1, 2]. Saponin is one of the most important and applicable biosurfactants which is widely found in different plants, sea cucumber and starfish [9,10,11]. Saponins are divided into two main categories which are triterpenoids and steroid glycosides attached to one or more sugar chains [13, 14]. This natural biosurfactant which is derived from soapwort has been widely used for centuries as household detergent due to its excellent foamability [10]. In Khuzestan, a southern province of Iran, Z. spina-christi leaves have been widely used as natural detergent and shampoo due to their saponin content [24]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call