Abstract
Bacterial biofilms pose the greatest challenge to implant surgeries leading to device-related infections and implant failure. Our present study aims at monitoring the variation in the biofilm architecture of a clinically isolated strain and ATCC 27853 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on two polymeric biomaterials, used in implants. The perspective of our study is to recognize the potential of these two biomaterials to create biofilm infections and develop the understanding regarding their limitations of use and handle patients with this deeper insight. The final goal, however, is an accurate interpretation of substrate-microbe interactions in the two biomaterials, which will provide us the knowledge of possible surface modifications to develop of an efficacious anti-biofilm therapy for deterring implant infections. The reference strain ATCC 27853 and a clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa collected from urinary catheters of patients suffering from urinary tract infections, have been used as microbes while clinical grades of polypropylene and high density polyethylene, have been used as ‘substrates’ for biofilm growth. The variation in the nature of the ‘substrate’ and ‘conditioning layer’ of BSA have been found to affect the biofilm architecture as well as the physiology of the biofilm-forming bacteria, accompanied by an alteration in the nature and volume of EPS (extracellular polysaccharide) matrices.Graphical
Highlights
Indwelling medical devices such as catheters, heart valves, vascular bypass grafts, ocular lenses, artificial joints, cardiac stents, and central nervous shunts have become an integral and indispensable part of modern day clinical practice
The present study focuses on the modulation of biofilm architecture of a clinical strain and a reference strain of P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), in relation to the interfacial properties of two polymeric biomaterials, which are widely used in implants and indwelling medical devices
We can conclude that under similar conditions of pressure, temperature, and pH, the adsorption of BSA was higher on the surface of PP than on high density polyethylene (HDPE)
Summary
Indwelling medical devices such as catheters, heart valves, vascular bypass grafts, ocular lenses, artificial joints, cardiac stents, and central nervous shunts have become an integral and indispensable part of modern day clinical practice. These devices are responsible for reducing mortality and improving quality of life of patient. Phase I involves reversible bacterial attachment with the surface over the first 1–2 h post-implantation which is mediated through long-range (e.g., gravitational, van der Waals, and electrostatic interactions) and short-range (e.g., hydrogen bonding, dipole–dipole, ionic, and hydrophobic interactions) forces (Hori and Matsumoto 2010). Bacteria within biofilm are extremely resistant to actions of antimicrobials (Stewart and Costerton 2001; Mah and O’Toole 2001; Høiby et al 2010) and can evade host immune reaction (Hornef et al 2002; Foster 2005), making device-associated biofilm infections extremely difficult to treat (Weinstein and Darouiche 2001; von Eiff et al 2005; Lynch and Robertson 2008)
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