Evaluation of the realization of the genetic potential of cows of Jersey breed

Abstract

An urgent issue in cattle breeding is the evaluation of the genetic potential of cattle. By monitoring the livestock, breeders have the opportunity to identify animals with various traits necessary in agriculture. Important traits include milk yield in cows and high levels of fat and protein content in milk. This type of animal evaluation helps to produce of young animals with increased milk productivity potential, which leads to increased profi ts in this industry. The main purpose of the research was to evaluate the implementation of the genetic potential of cows of Jersey breed housed at the enterprise LLC SKhP Novomarkovskoye in the Kantemirovsky district of the Voronezh region. During the research have been received results characterizing the milk productivity of the experimental cows. Thus, milk yield for the fi rst lactation was 6370 kg, and for the second it was 5780 kg, which was a high productivity indicator for cows of Jersey breed. The milk yield for 305 days of the fi rst lactation was 5765 kg, and in the second it was 5665 kg, which meets the international standard for assessing milk productivity. The mass fraction of fat in the milk under study was at the level of 5.63 %, which indicated a high fat content compared to other breeds of cows. Cows of Jersey breed are distinguished by the production of milk with a high fat content. The yield of milk fat in cows of Jersey breed was 324.5 kg. Milk with a high fat content usually contains more vitamins, such as A, D and E, they are fat-soluble and are better absorbed if consumed together with dairy products with a high fat content. It can be concluded on base of the data obtained that the choice of breeding animals with high genetic potential is important. At the same time, a properly selected and balanced ration for cows and housing animals under favorable conditions ensures the maximum realization of their genetic potential.