Abstract
Myelosuppression is one of the serious adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy that lead to life threatening febrile neutropenia and considered a limiting factor for successful therapy. Cyclophosphamide a widely used anticancer drugs, induces severe bone marrow suppression by damaging hematopoietic stem cells. As cancer incidence expands globally, the demand for an effective myeloprotective therapy during cancer treatment is also increasing.Nigella sativa seed oil, a well-known plant extract that widely used for various health conditions. This study aims to evaluate the myeloprotective activity of Nigella sativa seed oil in cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression mice model. Myelosuppression induced by single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg). Animals were divided into 4 groups each with 6 mice. First group served as negative control group received only normal saline. A second group served as experimental myelosuppression model group achieved by
Highlights
Bone marrow is the major site that responsible for hematopoiesis by hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) which are continuously proliferating cells that can be differentiated to form different mature blood cells that include red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets [1]
In group III mice, which administrated Nigella sativa seed oil at a dose of (1ml/Kg/day) 3 days prior to a single intraperitoneal dose of cyclophosphamide (200mg/kg) on day 3 resulted in significant attenuation of the cyclophosphamide myelosuppressing effect, the total leukocyte count in those animals increased (1000 ± 73) significantly (P
Increasing the dose of Nigella sativa seed oil to 2ml/Kg/day administered 3 days before cyclophosphamide treatment resulted in further improvement of bone marrow function
Summary
Bone marrow is the major site that responsible for hematopoiesis by hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) which are continuously proliferating cells that can be differentiated to form different mature blood cells that include red blood cells, white blood cells (granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes) and platelets [1]. Cyclophosphamide has toxic effects on different organs that include bone marrow, heart, gonadal and bladder. The main cyclophosphamide toxicity is on bone marrow and bladder [8], the cyclophosphamide myelotoxicity as a result of lack specificity in anti-tumour activity. It cause serious damage on normal cells, for instance, hematopoietic stem cells which are rapidly dividing cells in the bone marrow, this leads to decrease the ability of these cells to proliferate and differentiate with reduction in the formation of different blood cells. Leukopenia is a life-threatening condition that lead to febrile neutropenia combined with bacterial and fungal infections [9]
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