Abstract
Background. Unilateral bi-portal endoscopic discectomy (UBED), as other surgical methods of treatment, may require the use of additional rehabilitation interventions in the recovery process of patients. Unfortunately, studies on the effectiveness of nonpharmacological methods in the postoperative period for these patients are insufficient. The study purposed to evaluate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation intervention program in the patients who have undergone UBED. Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Spine and Spinal Cord of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Hospital in 2022–2023. The sample consisted of the main group (MG, n = 74) — patients who underwent removal of the hernia of the intervertebral disc used UBED and complex rehabilitation and control group (CG, n = 68) — UBED was performed without a rehabilitation course. Study methods: we used visual-analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry questionnaire before surgery and after it (in 1 day and 1, 6 and 12 months). Results. In the preoperative period, the back pain index was 5.3 ± 1.4 and 5.6 ± 1.1 cm in MG and CG, respectively. In the postoperative period the back pain index according to the VAS decreased to 1.5 ± 0.4 cm in one day after surgery in the MG with its positive dynamics during the year of observation. In CG this index also decreased to 1.4 ± 0.9 cm with a gradual improvement to 0.3 ± 0.1 cm in 12 months. At the 12 months after the surgery the Oswestry index demonstrated that quality of life was better in the subjects of MG compared to the CG (5.4 ± 3.2 and 17.4 ± 3.3 %, respectively). Conclusions. The use of physical exercises in combination with massage and hardware physiotherapy in patients who have UBED improved the quality of life of the patients in the long-term observation period, but did not affect the reduction of pain after the surgery in both short-term and long-term observation
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