Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of filling bone gap between implants with bone graft materials of different sizes and forms of primary stability after alveolar split osteotomy process. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: Fourty fresh ribs were divided into four main groups. The groups created are based on the xenograft material of different sizes and forms; group Putty (P): Group applied Putty (form) graft (granule size 0.25– 1 mm), group Small (S): Group applied Small particle graft (granule size 0.25– 1 mm) group, group Large (L): Group applied Large particle graft (granule size 1– 2 mm), control group (C): classified as group where no bone graft was applied. Bone expansion was performed using piezosurgery. In all groups, two implants were inserted into the each rib after alveolar crest expansions. The gap between implants (outside the control group) was filled with bone graft materials of different forms and sizes (large, small, putty). The primary stability values of the implants were measured with in the direction of the bucco-lingual (BL) and mesio-distal (MD) by the ISQ (implant stability quotient) and compared between groups. Results: The primary stability values measured in the BL direction are higher than the primary stability values measured in the MD direction and values are statistically significant difference. There is no statistically significant difference between the 1st and 2nd implants in each group (C, P, S, L) for their measured values in both BL direction and MD direction. Conclusion: According to the ISQ values used to evaluate primary stability, it was found that the graft materials of different sizes used in our study did not cause a significant difference for the primary stability of the implants.
Highlights
In the place of teeth lost for various reasons, dental implant treatments, which support chewing and speech functions and help make dental aesthetic restorations, have been used in dentistry for many years [1]
International Journal of Clinical Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2020; 6(2): 34-39. When both the values of the first and second implants in all groups were measured in the BL direction, and the values measured in the MD direction were compared between the groups, no statistically significant difference was observed (Table 1, 1p) (p>0.05)
When the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values measured in the BL and MD directions were compared with each other, the values measured in the BL direction were statistically significantly higher than those in the MD direction (p
Summary
In the place of teeth lost for various reasons, dental implant treatments, which support chewing and speech functions and help make dental aesthetic restorations, have been used in dentistry for many years [1]. Loss of soft and hard tissue occurs around teeth lost due to trauma or infection [2]. Defects due to significant hard tissue loss may not allow ideal placement of dental implants. Various bone augmentation procedures are performed in cases of insufficient bone for dental implant placement [1]. Various instruments such as fissure burs, chisels and hammer or piezo surgery are used [5]. In alveolar split osteotomy, vertical incisions in the crest and bone are made using piezo surgery, and chisels and hammers are used for horizontal alveolar enlargement [6,7,8]. Alveolar split osteotomy can be performed as single or double-stage surgery. In a single-stage surgical procedure, implants are placed in the same session as bone expansion, and bone graft
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