Evaluation of the ecological efficiency of soil cultivation machines with innovative dynamic working bodies

Nozim I Dzhabborov,Aleksandr V Dobrinov,Galina A Semenova,R.Z Abdulkhalikov

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202126204008

Nozim I Dzhabborov, Aleksandr V Dobrinov + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126204008

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Abstract

The research results are related to the problem of enhancing the environmental safety of technical means in crop production. A research object is a tillage machine with standard and innovative dynamic working bodies. The research is aimed to a comparative ecological assessment of the efficiency of using typical and dynamic working bodies for surface tillage. The scientific novelty is represented by the regularities of changes in resistivity per unit of active frontal area of the investigated working bodies, inertia force and total kinetic energy, per hectare fuel consumption, fuel economy and reduction of emissions of toxic components at different speed modes of operation of the tillage unit. During the research, the methods of experimental research in the field, analysis and generalization of experimental data were used. It has been established that the resistivity per unit of active frontal area of a dynamic tillage working body with an energy-storage transmission mechanism within the range of speed variation from 2.22 to 3.33 m/s decreases by 33-41% in comparison with a typical working body. With an increase in the speed of the tillage unit with standard working bodies from 2.22 to 3.33 m/s, the fuel consumption increases from 5.12 to 9.21 kg/ha. Within these limits of the speed of the tillage unit with dynamic tillage working bodies and energy-accumulating transmission mechanisms, the per hectare fuel consumption increases from 4.81 to 8.30 kg. The use of dynamic working bodies on the tillage machine allows to save from 0.310 to 0.910 kg of fuel per 1 ha. Herewith, the decrease in the level of emissions of toxic components is 6-10%, which ensures a decrease in the environmental load of soil-cultivating units during the cultivation of crop products.

Highlights

According to the latest statistics of the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography (Rosreestr), the total arable land in Russia is more than 116.8 million hectares
At the IAEP, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FNATS VIM, we have developed and created experimental samples of innovative dynamic tillage working tools
Analysis of the RRurrururu values shows that the specific resistance of a dynamic tillage working body, within the range of speed VVww variation from 2.22 to 3.33 m/s, decreases by

Summary

Introduction

According to the latest statistics of the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography (Rosreestr), the total arable land in Russia is more than 116.8 million hectares. Based on this circumstance, the size of emissions of toxic components from the use of energy facilities calculated during the agricultural year on a national scale can vary within 2.44 - 3.30 million tons. The article notes that soil cultivation is currently performed mainly at increased speeds from 10 to 15 km/h, while using combined multi-operational Russian and foreign machines, many of which are not adapted to local climatic conditions for a number of design parameters and technological modes. The issues of a combination of technological operations, a decrease in the degree of swampy soils and rugged relief are considered

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