Abstract
Specific combustion programs (Gaseq, Chemical equilibria in perfect gases, Chris Morley) are used to model dioxin and formation in the incineration processes of urban solid wastes. Thanks to these programs, it is possible to establish correlations with the formation mechanisms postulated in li- terature on the subject. It was found that minimum oxygen quantities are required to obtain a significant formation of these compounds and that more furans than dioxins are formed. Likewise, dioxin and furan formation is related to the presence of carbon monoxide, and dioxin and furan distribution among its different compounds depends on the chlorine and hydrogen relative composition. This is due to the fact that an increased chlorine availability leads to the formation of compounds bearing a higher chlorine concentration (penta-, hexa-, hepta-, and octachlorides), whereas an increased hydrogen availability leads to the formation of compounds bearing a lower chlorine number (mono, di-, tri-, and tetrachlorides)
Highlights
One disadvantage of the incineration of urban solid wastes is the emission of dioxins and furans as a byproduct of the reactions of pyrolysis, gasification and combustion of the compounds present in the wastes
The heterogeneity of the solid urban wastes is known to hinder the establishment of stable combustion and, the conditions for the formation of dioxin and furan may vary in terms of waste composition and combustion conditions
The values to be used in the development of a computer-aided simulation are shown on table 2, and correspond to the quantities established in the work of Tan [3], who determined after a rigorous evaluation that the optimal conditions for dioxin and furan formation are most likely to be found when using the relative quantities of the constituting elements displayed on table 2
Summary
The stechiometric combustion of urban wastes is summarized in the equation (1). The balanced stechiometric reaction in function of the composition of urban solid wastes composition is shown in the equation (2). The emitted contaminants produced by the combustion reaction are directly related to the waste chemical composition and to the air supply [2]. The heterogeneity of the solid urban wastes is known to hinder the establishment of stable combustion and, the conditions for the formation of dioxin and furan may vary in terms of waste composition and combustion conditions. It is necessary to evaluate dioxin and furan formation in relation to its constituting elements, as shown in the equation (3)
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