Evaluation Of The Anticoagulant Effect Of Phenolic Extracts Of Two Olive Mill By-products: Olive Mill Wastewater And Olive Mill Pomace

Abstract

In the Mediterranean basin, olive oil production represents an important economic sector for some countries. Currently, production is constantly growing and is done at the expense of the environment. In addition to its main product, which is virgin olive oil, it generates two by-products, olive mill pomace (OMP) and olive mill wastewater (OMW). These by-products have heretofore little economic value despite their large constitutions of polyphenols that are of great importance in the pharmaceutical industry. This study aimed to assess the anticoagulant effect of the phenolic extract of OMP and OMW from cold extraction in the region of Khenchela, northeastern Algeria. This activity was chosen for its essential role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and their serious complications, which threaten public health and constitute the leading cause of death worldwide. The extraction of the polyphenols was done by the maceration method. The content of total polyphenols was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The amount of flavonoids was determined by the aluminum chloride method. The anticoagulant activity of the polyphenols was evaluated in vitro using the Kaolin-cephalin coagulation time (KCT) and prothrombin time (PT) tests. The coagulation times obtained in normal plasma in the presence of these polyphenols indicated that they exert a great anticoagulant activity. It was very highly significant on both endogenous and exogenous coagulation pathways for OMW extracts and significant for OMP extracts. This activity was observed more for the endogenous pathway of coagulation than the exogenous pathway. In conclusion, the polyphenols of olive oil pomace and olive mill wastewater can be used in the pharmaceutical field as an anticoagulant against the complications of thrombotic diseases.