Abstract
Sickle cell disease was a very common hemoglobinosis in tropical countries. Several plants were used in traditional Beninese medicine to relieve sickle cell crises. The present work was carried out to test the efficiency of Uvaria chamea roots aqueous extract in the treatment of sickle cell crises.
 
 Methods: Uvaria chamea roots aqueous extract was preincubated at different concentrations with blood cells from SS red blood cells before or after the Emmel Test. Intra-erythrocyte oxidative stress was measured by methaemoglobin assay after incubation of the extract with hemoglobin. In vivo, the action of the extract on Hemoglobin level, Mean Corpuscular Volume, and platelet count was measured in Wistar rats.
 
 Results: The extract significantly prevented the formation of sickle cells at doses of 40 and 20 mg / ml of blood (P <0.05) and significantly reduced sickle cells to the normal biconcave form at the dose of 40 mg / ml (P <0.05). It lowered the production of methemoglobin at a dose of 10 mg / ml, suggesting antioxidant activity. Hemoglobin level, Mean Corpuscular Volume, and platelet count did not significantly increase in treated rats, indicating that the extract did not stimulate erythropoiesis or thrombopoiesis.
 
 Conclusion: Uvaria chamea extract inhibited dose-dependent sickling of red blood cells. It reduced intraerythrocyte oxidative stress but did not show hematopoietic activity. It could therefore be considered in the preventive or curative management of sickle cell crises, but not against anemia.
Highlights
Hemoglobinopathies were genetic diseases with inherited abnormalities of hemoglobin
The roots of Uvaria chamea were collected in Hêviéin the commune of Abomey-Calavi in Benin
Uvaria chamea was one of the plants used by Beninese traditional therapists for this purpose
Summary
Hemoglobinopathies were genetic diseases with inherited abnormalities of hemoglobin. They were divided into two groups : the group of hemoglobinoses presenting structural abnormalities of the globin chain and that of thalassemias characterized by a deficit of one or more chains of hemoglobin. In 2016, nearly 5% of the world's population carried a gene responsible for a hemoglobin abnormality and each year, hundreds of thousands of infants were born around the world with thalassemia syndromes (30%) or sickle cell disease (70%). An estimated 312,000 people with SS hemoglobin were born each year worldwide, with the majority of these 236,000 births in sub-Saharan Africa (Piel et al, 2013). The management of sickle cell disease was not easy because the majority of affected countries were poor
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