Abstract
Pod sucking bug, Riptortus linearis, is the most damaging soybean pest in Indonesia. A total of 24 soybean genotypes was identified for their resistance to pod sucking bug. The objective of the study was to classifying the resistance of some soybean genotypes against pod sucking pests. The research was conducted during the second dry season (July - October) 2016 in Ngale Research Station, East Java, Indonesia. The experimental design was arranged in randomized block design with five times repetition and two types of environment (full crop protection and controlled until 50 days of planting/dap). The resistance to pod sucking bug was evaluated based on seed damage, pod damage, and seed weight. The grouping of resistance was by using Chiang & Talekar’s method (1980). A very high natural population of pod sucking bug was recorded in the research area as seen from the average number of damaged pod in full protection environment (L1) and insecticide control until 50 dap (L2), i.e. 41.45% and 60.16%, respectively. Genotype of G511H/Anj//Anj-2-8 was consistently resistant to pod sucking bug in L1 as well as L2. This genotype also had early days to maturity (78 days) and large seed size (15.57 g/100 seed), thus potentially to be developed in tropical area of Indonesia. The availability of genotype with such characteristics is in accordance with farmers’ preference and also important to minimize yield losses.
Highlights
Indonesia’s tropical climate, suitable for the growth of soybean plants, and an ideal environment for the growth of various insect pests
The largest soybean cultivation in Indonesia is in the dry season
Pod-sucking pest, Riptortus linearis, is the most harmful pest among all, both for quantity and quality of soybean (Asadi, 2012; Bayu, 2015), and so far, there are no soybean varieties in Indonesia that are resistant to this pest
Summary
Indonesia’s tropical climate, suitable for the growth of soybean plants, and an ideal environment for the growth of various insect pests. The yield losses due to pod sucker attacks in Indonesia was more than 70% (Tengkano et al, 1988; Prayogo & Suharsono, 2005) and in Africa it was reported between 20 -100% (Singh & Allen, 1980). The amount of losses due to pod-sucking pest depends on the susceptibility of the plants and plant growth phases (Abudulai et al, 2012; Bayu, 2015). In stink bug complex pests, de Godoi & Pinheiro (2009) reported that some factors play roles in the resistant of soybeans against pod-attacking stink bugs, such as the seed filling period, leaf retention, percentage index of pod damage, and percentage of spotted seeds. Efforts to minimize the yield losses by using insecticides can be made before and during the growth phase
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