Evaluation of SNPS on the toll-like receptors, nod-like receptors and CD14 gene in the recognition and in autophagic modulation in response to infection by mycobacterium leprae

Abstract

Aim The present study investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors and CD14 gene in the Brazilian population who developed leprosy per se (N = 200) and compared to healthy contacts (N = 250). Methods The genotyping was performed using PCR-SSP (polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers). Results TLR1 (rs5743618) genotype GG was associated to protection for development of disease: OR = 0.52. TLR2 (rs1816702) genotype CC and allele C were associated to susceptibility (OR = 2.91; 2.27), while the genotype CT and allele T to protection (OR = 0.44; 0.44). Increased frequencies of TLR2 (rs4696483) genotypes CC and TT suggest risk (OR = 1.56; 2.90) for development of disease, while the decreased frequency of CT suggests protection (OR = 0.51). Increased frequencies of TLR4 (rs2149356) genotypes: AA and CA, and allele A suggest risk (OR = 2.48, 2.20, and 2.46, respectively) and genotype CC and allele C suggest protection (OR = 0.51, 0.53) to disease. The frequencies of TLR9 (rs352139) genotype GG and allele G (OR = 0.61, 0.73 suggest risk and genotype AA and allele A protection (OR=2.04, 1.38). The genotype CT of CD14 -260 suggest risk (OR = 5.59) while genotype CC suggest protection (OR= 0.18). The genotype AG for CD14 cod204, suggest risk (OR = 2.53), while the genotype AA suggest protection (OR = 0.40). Statistical differences were observed for the SNP R702W (2104C > T) of NOD2 gene: The genotype CC and allele C suggest protection (OR = 0.40); and to allele T suggest risk, OR = 2.52. Conclusions This study shows that polymorphisms of TLR, NOD2 and CD14 genes act as responsible for triggering an adequate immune response in the context of infection and disease leprosy.