Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the enamel roughness and shear bond strength (SBS) of dental composite after removal of metal brackets bonded with different materials (Transbond XT, Filtek Z100, Venus Diamond and Filtek P90). Cleaning and etching were performed in vitro on 60 premolars, which were then divided into four groups (n = 15). A metal bracket was bonded to each tooth using one of the four materials. The SBS test was performed in an Instron universal testing machine, using a chisel positioned at the junction interface with a speed of 1.0 mm/min. After testing the SBS, the teeth were analyzed using the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) with a stereomicroscope under 40× magnification. The remainder of the bonding material was removed with multilaminated carbide bur (FF 9642) and the surface roughness measured. The SBS and roughness data were statistically analyzed. The average SBS for the different groups in this study ranged from 6.13 to 12.72 MPa; Transbond XT (12.57 MPa) and Filtek Z100 (12.72 MPa) showed the highest values. There were differences between the bonding materials in IRA scores, but no statistically significant difference for roughness. All SBS values were adequate, since none were below the minimum acceptable level (6–8 MPa), however the enamel did not return to the conditions present prior to the bonding of the brackets.
Highlights
Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets to the labial face of teeth was introduced by Newman [1] in 1965 with the purpose of eliminating metal bands [2]
The mean shear bond strength (SBS) for Transbond XT and Filtek Z100 composites were significantly greater than that of Venus Diamond, which was in turn, significantly greater than that of Filtek P90
The surface roughness did not differ significantly among the groups, and the initial roughness was lower than the final roughness for all composites (p > 0.05)
Summary
Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets to the labial face of teeth was introduced by Newman [1] in 1965 with the purpose of eliminating metal bands [2]. This only became possible as a result of the concept of enamel etching, introduced by Buonocore [3] in 1955, which enabled orthodontic accessories to be bonded to teeth by means of a high bond-strength adhesive system [2]. The principal drawback of polymeric composite restorative materials remains their high polymerization shrinkage [14]. White spot lesions prevalence and severity were shown to increase with fixed appliance treatment [13, 18, 19]
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