Abstract
BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a common immune mediated disorder. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the level of serum and salivary IgA levels in patients with Type 1 diabetes.Material and MethodIn this case control study, serum and salivary IgA levels of patients with diabetes type 1 and similar non diabetes subjects were measured. Age, gender, duration of diabetes and the last HbA1c level of diabetic patients were also studied. Data was analyzed by SPSS software.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty subjects (126 diabetics and 124 non diabetics) were enrolled in the study. The mean value of serum IgA in patients with Type 1 Diabetes and controls was 1.77± 1.55 g/lit and 2.39± 1.52 g/lit, respectively. The mean salivary IgA level in diabetics and controls was 276 ± 162.5 40 μg/ml and 129 ± 112.2 40 μg/ml, respectively. Selective IgA deficiency was detected in two (1.6%) and three(2.4%)cases of diabetic and control group; respectively (p=0.68). We found low salivary IgA level in 44.4% diabetic and 33.9% control (p=0.08). There was no significant correlation between serum and salivary IgA level. There was also significant association between serum IgA levels with age. Salivary IgA was significantly correlated with HbA1c level. But considering gender, duration of diabetes we didn’t find any association.ConclusionWe didn't find any significant difference in serum and salivary IgA level among diabetic and non diabetics and also, no association between serum and salivary IgA levels.
Highlights
Selective IgA deficiency is the most common primary immunodeficiency
We found low salivary IgA level in 44.4% diabetic and 33.9% control (p=0.08)
There was no significant correlation between serum and salivary IgA level
Summary
Selective IgA deficiency is the most common primary immunodeficiency. Its incidence varies depending on ethnic background from 1/143 to 1/185000 in different geographic areas [1]. These patients are more susceptible to frequent infections, autoimmune disorders, gastrointestinal diseases and atopy. It seems that, the increased frequency of infections associated with IgA deficiency could precipitate autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematus, Graves' disease, celiac, recurrent parotiditis, inflammatory bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and type 1 diabetes [1–5]. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare serum and salivary IgA level in type I diabetic patients and non diabetic controls. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the level of serum and salivary IgA levels in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Academic Editor: Massimo Pietropaolo, University of Michigan Medical School, UNITED STATES
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