Abstract
Introduction: Anemia is one of the most prevalent diseases globally. Various diseases have linked anemia with electrolyte disturbance. However, the local data are limited. In this study, we will determine the prevalence of electrolyte imbalance in anemic patients.Methods: This case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from January 2021 to July 2021. A total of 500 anemic patients were enrolled in the study after informed consent. Another 500 non-anemic patients were enrolled as the control group. Blood was taken from both groups and send for assessment of electrolytes.Results: Sodium levels were significantly lower in anemic patients compared to non-anemic patients (131.42 ± 0.82 meq/L vs. 135.57 ± 0.42 meq/L; p-value: <0.0001). Potassium levels were significantly higher in anemic patients compared to non-anemic participants (4.37 ± 0.12 meq/L vs. 4.09 ± 0.11 meq/L; p-value: <0.0001). Chloride levels were significantly higher in participants with anemia compared to non-anemic participants (103.92 ± 0.46 meq/L vs. 100.99 ± 0.41 meq/L).Conclusion: Our study indicates that sodium levels and potassium levels are impacted in patients with anemia compared to patients without anemia. Close monitoring of serum electrolytes is suggested in patients with anemia to avoid complications and life-threatening conditions.
Highlights
Anemia is one of the most prevalent diseases globally
Our study indicates that sodium levels and potassium levels are impacted in patients with anemia compared to patients without anemia
Close monitoring of serum electrolytes is suggested in patients with anemia to avoid complications and life-threatening conditions
Summary
Anemia is one of the most prevalent diseases globally. Various diseases have linked anemia with electrolyte disturbance. It is estimated that one-third of the global population is anemic, affecting more than two billion people worldwide with mortality of almost 800,000 per year [1]. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent type of anemia with an annual incidence rate of 7.2-13.96 per 1000 people per year. It is a laboratorial diagnosis with a low ferritin level or low percent transferrin saturation with an increased iron-binding capacity [2]. IDA is the world’s most widespread nutritional disorder, affecting both industrialized and developing countries, irrespective of gender, or socioeconomic status, with dietary iron deficiency being the most common cause [3]. Risk is high during adolescence as a growth spurt, pubertal developments, and physical activity increase the demand [4]
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