Evaluation of Salivary Biomarkers and Their Correlation to Periodontal Status and BMI

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation between periodontal status and BMI by evaluating salivary biomarkers - Resistin, visfatin, and TNF-α. 
 Methods: Among 580 screened subjects, 86 subjects (30 male and 56 female) aged 30-60 years recruited and grouped into four groups, Group 1 – non-obese with healthy periodontium, group 2 – non-obese with periodontitis, group 3 - obese with healthy periodontium, and group 4 - obese with periodontitis, according to their clinical periodontal parameters and BMI. (ELISA) was used to measure the salivary concentration of Resistin, Visfatin, and TNF-α. (SPSS, v.20.0) applied for statistical analysis, Shapiro-Wilk used to test the Normality of distribution. One-way ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the outcome data.
 Results: Significant differences in the clinical variables (PI, BI, PPD, and CAL) between test and control groups, with and with no periodontitis (P<0.05). However, no significant differences (P>0.05) between the level of Resistin were detected in the four groups tested. TNF-α was and periodontitis obese groups (P-value< 0.05). No significant correlations were found between clinical periodontal parameters and BMI and the three biomarkers' levels in the four groups tested in this study.
 Conclusions: The study failed to detect significant positive correlations between the salivary biomarkers' levels and clinical periodontal and obesity parameters.