Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization, waterlogging has become an increasingly serious issue. Road waterlogging has a great influence on residents’ travel and traffic safety. Thus, evaluation of residents’ travel difficulties caused by rainstorm waterlogging disasters is of great significance for their travel safety and emergency shelter needs. This study investigated urban rainstorm waterlogging disasters, evaluating the impact of the evolution of such disasters’ evolution on residents’ evacuation, using Daoli District (Harbin, China) as the research demonstration area to perform empirical research using a combination of scenario simulations, questionnaires, GIS spatial technology analysis and a hydrodynamics method to establish an urban rainstorm waterlogging numerical simulation model. The results show that under the conditions of a 10-year frequency rainstorm, there are three street sections in the study area with a high difficulty index, five street sections with medium difficulty index and the index is low at other districts, while under the conditions of a 50-year frequency rainstorm, there are five street sections with a high difficulty index, nine street sections with a medium difficulty index and the other districts all have a low index. These research results can help set the foundation for further small-scale urban rainstorm waterlogging disaster scenario simulations and emergency shelter planning as well as forecasting and warning, and provide a brand-new thought and research method for research on residents’ safe travel.
Highlights
Natural ConditionsDaoli District in Harbin is a part of the Songnen Plain (Figure 1)
The bigger the value, the more difficult the residents’ evacuation, and the easier on the contrary; the values of H, E, V, R represent the value of waterlogging disaster risk factors, road affecting factors, residents’ own vulnerability and residents’ own evacuation behavior influencing factors, respectively; whereas in the Equations (10–14), it is the value of index i after quantization, which is the weight of index i, representing the relative importance of the main factor of difficulty evaluation index of residents’
The difficulty evaluation results are divided into three grades by using the difficulty evaluation index classification method of residents’ evacuation—quantile classification method and combing the actual situation of residents’ evacuation during rainstorm waterlogging disasters in Daoli District of Harbin: low difficulty (0–0.164), medium difficulty (0.164–0.355), high difficulty (0.355–0.564)
Summary
Daoli District in Harbin is a part of the Songnen Plain (Figure 1). It presents as a low-lying terrain to the south and a high north area and it naturally forms flooded soil areas on both sides of the Songhua. Over-exploitation of groundwater in this area has led to ground subsidence in some regions, where roads are prone to cause the urban waterlogging disasters. There are 8334 households living in bungalows and 2185 households living on the first floor or in the basements of buildings These residents living in one-story houses and below the first floor level (in basements) are key evacuation subjects since they are the most affected by waterlogging disasters
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