Abstract
The importance of renewable energy is increasing both with the inadequacy of traditional energy resources and environmental awareness. Turkey has a large potential for renewable energy sources, and utilizing the potential is an inevitable choice for increasing its self-sufficiency with an environmentally friendly way. Therefore, evaluation of renewable energy alternatives for the country and determination of the most suitable renewable energy alternative are important issues to make reasonable energy investment plan. In this study, we evaluate the renewable energy alternatives of Turkey using Modified Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process. Renewable energy alternatives considered in the study are hydro, wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy. Four main criteria and eight sub criteria are used to evaluate five renewable energy alternatives. The obtained results indicate that solar energy is the best alternative, and wind energy is the second best alternative for Turkey. The conclusion reached by this study is also support successful realization of the Vision 2023 energy targets.
Highlights
Turkey has the highest rate of growing energy demand among OECD countries over the last 15 years
Due to the lack of domestic gas sources, the country has become an energy importing country. This dependence on energy imports combined with increasing energy cost and the serious negative environmental impact of high energy consumption has increased the importance of renewable energy resource
The results revealed that the best renewable energy technology for Turkey was geothermal sources, followed by biogas
Summary
Turkey has the highest rate of growing energy demand among OECD countries over the last 15 years. Due to the lack of domestic gas sources, the country has become an energy importing country (http://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkeys-energy-strategy.en.mfa, 02.07.2018). This dependence on energy imports combined with increasing energy cost and the serious negative environmental impact of high energy consumption has increased the importance of renewable energy resource. More countries are focusing on renewable energy beyond traditional energy sources. Renewable energy technologies are known to be less competitive than traditional electric energy conversion systems, mainly because of their intermittency and the relatively high maintenance cost. Renewable energy sources (RES) have several advantages, such as the reduction in dependence on fossil fuel resources and the reduction in carbon emissions to the atmosphere Renewable energy sources (RES) have several advantages, such as the reduction in dependence on fossil fuel resources and the reduction in carbon emissions to the atmosphere (Banos et al, 2011. p. 1754)
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