Evaluation of prolyl-4-hydroxylase subunit beta and special AT-rich region-binding protein-1 immunoexpression in bladder transitional-cell carcinoma

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Background Prolyl-4-hydroxylase subunit beta (P4HB) and special AT-rich region-binding protein-1 (SATB1) have been implicated in tumorigenesis and progression in many cancers, but their significance in bladder urothelial carcinoma remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the correlation and prognostic value of P4HB and SATB1 expression along with clinicopathological features in bladder transitional-cell carcinoma. Patients and methods This is a retrospective, selected, controlled study carried on 50 cases of bladder urothelial carcinoma to detect the expression of P4HB and SATB1 immunohistochemistry and statistical correlation with various clinicopathological parameters, including molecular subtypes. Results Prolyl-4-hydroxylase subunit beta (P4HP) is highly expressed in 48% of the study cases. P4HP expression was significantly associated with size of the tumor (P=0.002), muscle invasion (P=0.000), the grade of tumor (P=0.000), and the depth of invasion of the primary tumor (T) (P=0.000). High SATB1 expression was detected in 46% of the study cases. A significant association was detected between SATB1 expression and molecular subtypes (P=0.001), size of the tumor (P=0.004), histopathological type (P=0.024), muscle invasion (P=0.000), the grade of tumor (P=0.000), and the depth of invasion of the primary tumor (T) (P=0.000). Receiver operating characteristic curve was carried on for P4HP and SATB1 in relation to molecular classification and showed that SATB-1 has the highest sensitivity (75%) and specificity (70%) in discrimination between luminal versus nonluminal subtypes with significant relation (P=0.01). There was significant association between P4HP and SATB1 expression in bladder urothelial transitional-cell carcinoma (P=0.000). Conclusion This study highlighted important information about the link between P4HB and SATB1 pathways during the progression of urinary bladder transitional-cell carcinoma. P4HB and SATB1 could be used as a prognostic marker in cases in urinary bladder transitional-cell carcinoma.