Evaluation of potato hybrids for the Arctic zone of Russia by the ranking method

Abstract

In the Republic of Komi (Russia), potatoes are the most common vegetable crop, widely cultivated by both agricultural enterprises and the population in the private sector. Selection of varieties that meet such criteria as high yield, adaptability to soil and climatic conditions, high stability (the ability to produce an equivalent yield both under favorable and unfavorable environmental conditions), as well as resistance to the main phytopathogens that affect the tops and tubers (late blight, rhizoctoniosis, alternariosis, common scab, etc.) in the field is an important factor in ensuring Russia’s food security in the Arctic zone. To select the most promising hybrids that passed through negative traits in the first phases of breeding, it is preferable to use ranking methods according to various parameters, such as ecological plasticity, stability, multiplicity coefficient, homeostaticity, etc. This will allow a more objective and complete assessment of the potential of potato genomes for creating new varieties adapted to the Arctic zone of Russia. The studies were carried out in breeding nurseries on the basis of the Institute of Agrobiotechnologies of the Federal Research Center of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Syktyvkar) from 2018 to 2020. The following promising samples of potatoes were studied, the hybridization of which was carried out at the Federal Research Center for Potatoes named after A. G. Lorkh (Russia, urban settlement Korenevo): 1992-14 (Luck x Elmundo), 2000-60 (Colette x FZ 1867), 2118-57 (2688-8 x Gala), 2139-5 (Courage x Aurora), 2142-1 (Dina x Kholmogorsky); the standards were zoned varieties of two groups of maturity: Udacha - early, early ripe, Nevsky - medium early. Based on the results of studies of promising potato hybrids for further selection in the conditions of the Komi Republic, the following hybrids were recommended by the sum of ranks and assessment of field resistance to phytopathogens: 1992-14, 2000-60 and 2139-5.