Abstract
Aims and Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the usefulness of panoramic radiograph in determining labiopalatal position of MIPC and its effect on permanent teeth by assessing the mesiodistal position of MIPC on panoramic radiograph and by correlating it with 3D position on CBCT. Methods: The designed study was a cross-sectional study enrolling total 60 patients of either sex with 76 impacted maxillary canines. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on age criteria i.e age groups: ?15 years and >15 years. Evaluation of MIPC in both groups was done by digital panoramic radiograph and subjects were subjected to CBCT imaging for exact localization of MIPC and detection of root resorption of permanent incisors. The sector location on panoramic radiographs was compared with the labiopalatal position of impacted maxillary canines on CBCT. The statistical correlation between panoramic and CBCT findings was examined using the Pearsons Chi-square test. Results: Most of the positions of MIPC were labial (35%), followed by palatal (34%) and mid-alveolus (30%). Labial MIPC on CBCT were more frequent in sectors 1, 2 and 3 and palatal MIPC were more frequent in sector 4 and 5 on panoramic radiographs. Distribution of mid-alveolus canines showed great variation with most of them located in sector 1 and 5. Root resorption of permanent incisors (28.94%) was observed in sectors 3, 4 and 5. Conclusions: The present study recommended that labiopalatal position of MIPC and resorption of permanent incisors might be predicted using sector location on panoramic radiography.
Highlights
Maxillary impacted permanent canines (MIPC) are the most frequently impacted teeth after the third molars, with a prevalence ranging from approximately 1% to 3% [1,2,3,4]
In our study we explored the utility of single panoramic radiograph using sector analysis for localization of MIPC as it is widely used as screening radiograph for orthodontic patients and comes with the benefit of low cost and low radiation risk
In agreement with Jung et al [8] we suggest that when canine impactions are suspected in sectors 3, 4 and 5 on panoramic radiograph, CBCT should be considered for those with suspected incisor resorption as root resorption of permanent incisors cannot be accurately judged from conventional radiography alone
Summary
Maxillary impacted permanent canines (MIPC) are the most frequently impacted teeth after the third molars, with a prevalence ranging from approximately 1% to 3% [1,2,3,4]. Great emphasis should be given on the accurate localization of maxillary impacted permanent canine (MIPC) and early detection of its potential resorptive effect on adjacent teeth so that preventive measures could reduce the severity of the impaction and, avoiding possible detrimental effects. In our study we explored the utility of single panoramic radiograph using sector analysis for localization of MIPC as it is widely used as screening radiograph for orthodontic patients and comes with the benefit of low cost and low radiation risk. Panoramic radiography has limitations in assessing the labiopalatal position of MIPC and root resorption of incisors [5]. CBCT is advocated as an alternative to MDCT in recent times as its radiation dose and cost is significantly lower, with the added benefit of www.ssjournals.com
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