Evaluation of physicochemical and biological properties of SnO2 and Fe doped SnO2 nanoparticles

Abstract

In recent decades, nanoparticle synthesis has been used for various physical and chemical methods. However, different toxic chemicals are used during this synthesis process to address these concerns, which has multiple effects on environmental toxicity and high cost. To avoid these problems, we need a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach. In this study, green synthesis was used to make tin oxide (SnO2) and ferrous doped tin oxide (SFO) nanoparticles (NPs) from Morinda citrifolia leaf extracts. The X-ray diffraction patterns of SnO2 and SFO NPs reveal a tetragonal crystalline structure. From the FESEM image of synthesized SnO2 and SFO NPs, their spherical structure and chemical composition were identified by EDX spectrum. Through the DLS spectrum, the hydrodynamic size was observed at 66 and 61 nm for SnO2 and SFO NPs, respectively. In the FTIR spectrum, the O–Sn–O stretching vibration peak arises at (606 & 509 cm−1 for SnO2 NPs) and (613 & 538 cm−1 for SFO NPs). Photoluminescence is used in materials to detect surface defects and impurity levels. The antibacterial activity of the SnO2, SFO NPs, and conventional antibiotics like amoxicillin NPs is effectively inhibited against S. aureus and E. coli bacterial strains. SFO NPs exhibit a higher antibacterial activity as compared to SnO2 and amoxicillin. The anticancer efficacy of increased SFO NPs compared to SnO2 NPs was tested against (MDA-MB-237) human breast cancer cells. These results suggest that Fe ions modified SnO2 NPs could be used in healthcare industrial applications to improve human health.